{"id":5596,"date":"2026-07-12T22:58:57","date_gmt":"2026-07-12T14:58:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/?p=5596"},"modified":"2026-07-12T23:05:36","modified_gmt":"2026-07-12T15:05:36","slug":"audio-play-and-audio-record-in-android-based-on-tinyalsa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/en\/audio-play-and-audio-record-in-android-based-on-tinyalsa.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5b89\u5353\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u57fa\u4e8etinyALSA\u5b9e\u73b0\u97f3\u9891\u64ad\u653e\u4e0e\u83b7\u53d6"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>3 Minute, 28 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n

\u5728\u5b89\u5353\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u6574\u4f53\u97f3\u9891\u94fe\u8def\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

App->AudioRecord\/AudioTrack->AudioFlinger->Audio HAL->TinyALSA->ALSA Driver->Codec\/ DSP\/Mic\/Speaker<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5176\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5c42\u6b21\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
App\u4f4d\u4e8eAndroid\u7cfb\u7edfApplication\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
AudioRecord\/AndioTrack\u4f4d\u4e8eJava Framework\u5c42\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
AudioFlinger\u4f4d\u4e8eNative Framework\u5c42\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Audio HAL\u5219\u4f4d\u4e8eHAL\u5c42;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ALSA Driver\u5219\u4f4d\u4e8eKernel\u5c42\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728Audio HAL\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7tinyALSA\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0eCamera HAL\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7V4L2\u83b7\u53d6\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u6570\u636e\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528tinyALSA\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e0b\u97f3\u9891\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\/dev\/snd\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
franzkafka@franzkafka-virtual-machine:\/dev\/snd$ ls -lah \ntotal 0\ndrwxr-xr-x   3 root root      200  6\u6708  2 23:16 .\ndrwxr-xr-x  19 root root     4.5K  6\u6708  2 23:16 ..\ndrwxr-xr-x   2 root root       60  6\u6708  2 23:16 by-path\ncrw-rw----+  1 root audio 116,  6  6\u6708  2 23:16 controlC0\ncrw-rw----+  1 root audio 116,  5  6\u6708  2 23:16 midiC0D0\ncrw-rw----+  1 root audio 116,  3  6\u6708  2 23:16 pcmC0D0c\ncrw-rw----+  1 root audio 116,  2  6\u6708  2 23:16 pcmC0D0p\ncrw-rw----+  1 root audio 116,  4  6\u6708  2 23:16 pcmC0D1p\ncrw-rw----+  1 root audio 116,  1  6\u6708  2 23:15 seq\ncrw-rw----+  1 root audio 116, 33  6\u6708  2 23:15 timer<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 \u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u70b9\u8981\u770b\u7684\u662fpcm*\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u5c31\u662fPCM Capture \/Playback\u7684\u8bbe\u5907;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pcmC0D0c\uff1aC0\u4ee3\u8868Card0\uff08\u58f0\u5361\uff09\uff0cD0\u4ee3\u8868Device0\uff08\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\uff0cc\u4ee3\u8868Capture\uff0c\u5373\u97f3\u9891\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u662f\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pcmC0D0p: C0\u4ee3\u8868Card0\uff08\u58f0\u5361\uff09\uff0cD0\u4ee3\u8868Device0\uff08\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\uff0cp\u4ee3\u8868Playback\uff0c\u5373\u97f3\u9891\u64ad\u653e\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u662f\u626c\u58f0\u5668;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528tinyALSA\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u4f9d\u8d56libtinyALSA\uff0c\u5e76\u5bfc\u5165\u5934\u6587\u4ef6tinyalsa\/asoundlib.h\uff0c\u5982#include <tinyalsa\/asoundlib.h>\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u7167\u97f3\u9891\u5f55\u5236\u4e0e\u97f3\u9891\u64ad\u653e\u4e24\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u505a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u97f3\u9891\u5f55\u5236<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u6253\u5f00PCM\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u7528\u7684API\u4e3apcm_open\uff0c\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
struct pcm *pcm_open(unsigned int card, unsigned int device,\n                     unsigned int flags, struct pcm_config *config);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u58f0\u5361\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684flag\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u6b63\u786e\u7684pcm_config;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pcm_config\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
struct pcm_config {\n    unsigned int channels; \/\/\u58f0\u9053\u6570\n    unsigned int rate;\/\/\u91c7\u6837\u7387\uff0c\u91c7\u752816KHz\uff0c32KHz\uff0c48KHz\u7b49\uff0c\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\u6bcf\u79d2\u91c7\u6837\u8d8a\u591a\n    unsigned int period_size;\/\/\u91c7\u6837\u5e27\u6570( Frame)\uff0c\u91c7\u6837\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u58f0\u9053\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c1024\n    unsigned int period_count;\/\/\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c4\uff0c\u603bBuffer\u5bb9\u91cf= period_size* period_count\n    enum pcm_format format;\/\/\u91c7\u6837\u683c\u5f0f\uff1aPCM_FORMAT_S16_LE\u3001PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE\n    unsigned int start_threshold;\n    unsigned int stop_threshold;\n    unsigned int silence_threshold;\n    unsigned int silence_size;\n    int avail_min;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
struct pcm_config config;\nstruct pcm *pcm;\nchar *buffer;\nunsigned int size;\nunsigned int bytes_read = 0;\nunsigned int frames = 0;\nmemset(&config, 0, sizeof(config));\n\npcm = pcm_open(card, device, PCM_IN, &config);\n    if (!pcm || !pcm_is_ready(pcm)) {\n        fprintf(stderr, \"Unable to open PCM device (%s)\\n\",\n                pcm_get_error(pcm));\n        return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53bb\u6253\u5f00\u58f0\u5361\u4e2d\u7684Capture\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pcm_is_ready\u63a5\u53e3\u53bb\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6PCM\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u7528\u7684API\u4e3apcm_read\uff0c<\/strong>\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
int pcm_read(struct pcm *pcm, void *data, unsigned int count);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u7684size\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9pcm_frames_to_bytes\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
 size = pcm_frames_to_bytes(pcm, pcm_get_buffer_size(pcm));\n    buffer = malloc(size);\n    if (!buffer) {\n        fprintf(stderr, \"Unable to allocate %u bytes\\n\", size);\n        free(buffer);\n        pcm_close(pcm);\n        return 0;\n    }\n printf(\"Capturing sample: %u ch, %u hz, %u bit\\n\", channels, rate,\n           pcm_format_to_bits(format));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6574\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    size = pcm_frames_to_bytes(pcm, pcm_get_buffer_size(pcm));\n    buffer = malloc(size);\n    if (!buffer) {\n        fprintf(stderr, \"Unable to allocate %u bytes\\n\", size);\n        free(buffer);\n        pcm_close(pcm);\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    printf(\"Capturing sample: %u ch, %u hz, %u bit\\n\", channels, rate,\n           pcm_format_to_bits(format));\n\n    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);\n    end.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + cap_time;\n    end.tv_nsec = now.tv_nsec;\n\n    while (capturing && !pcm_read(pcm, buffer, size)) {\n        if (fwrite(buffer, 1, size, file) != size) {\n            fprintf(stderr,\"Error capturing sample\\n\");\n            break;\n        }\n        bytes_read += size;\n        if (cap_time) {\n            clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);\n            if (now.tv_sec > end.tv_sec ||\n                (now.tv_sec == end.tv_sec && now.tv_nsec >= end.tv_nsec))\n                break;\n        }\n    }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u505c\u6b62\u83b7\u53d6PCM\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u7528\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3apcm_close,\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
int pcm_close(struct pcm *pcm);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u8f83\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u57fa\u4e8etinylasa\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0PCM\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bfb\u53d6\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u97f3\u9891\u64ad\u653e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u97f3\u9891\u64ad\u653e\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0e\u97f3\u9891\u5f55\u5236\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u6253\u5f00PCM\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u7528\u7684API\u4e3apcm_open\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f55\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5728\u4e8e\u6b64\u65f6\u4f20\u5165\u7684FLAG\u6807\u5fd7\u4e3aPCM_OUT\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
pcm = pcm_open(card, device, PCM_OUT, &config);\nif (!pcm || !pcm_is_ready(pcm)) {\n     fprintf(stderr, \"Unable to open PCM device %u (%s)\\n\",\n                device, pcm_get_error(pcm));\n     return;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6b64\u65f6\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5373\u4e3a\u5177\u5907\u64ad\u653e\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u626c\u58f0\u5668\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u5199\u5165PCM\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u7528\u7684API\u4e3apcm_write\uff0c\u8be5API\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
int pcm_write(struct pcm *pcm, const void *data, unsigned int count);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8be5API\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
do {\n     read_sz = size < data_sz ? size : data_sz;\n     num_read = fread(buffer, 1, read_sz, file);\n     if (num_read > 0) {\n            if (pcm_write(pcm, buffer, num_read)) {\n                fprintf(stderr, \"Error playing sample\\n\");\n                break;\n            }\n            data_sz -= num_read;\n        }\n} while (!closing && num_read > 0 && data_sz > 0);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u5199\u5165\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684API\u4ecd\u65e7\u4e3apcm_close\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u6b65\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5c06PCM\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u64ad\u653e\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n        
\n            
\n                \n                
\n                    \n                        \"Happy\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Happy                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                        \n                                                0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Sad\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Sad                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Excited\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Excited                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Sleepy\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Sleepy                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                        \n                                                0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Angry\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
Angry<\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                        \n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Surprise\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
Surprise<\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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