{"id":5342,"date":"2025-04-22T22:20:10","date_gmt":"2025-04-22T14:20:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/?p=5342"},"modified":"2025-04-30T13:39:16","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T05:39:16","slug":"how-android-applications-use-native-libraries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/en\/how-android-applications-use-native-libraries.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5b89\u5353\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edfNative\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>2 Minute, 47 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e8b\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u8fd8\u662f\u62a5\u9519\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u8be5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u756a\u6392\u67e5\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728Android12\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Android\u7cfb\u7edf\u539f\u751f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728App\u7684AndroidManifest.xml\u4e2d<Application>\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u9650\u914d\u7f6e,\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<uses-native-library android:name=\"libOpenCL.so\" android:required=\"false\"\/>\n<uses-native-library android:name=\"libOpenCL-car.so\" android:required=\"false\"\/>\n<uses-native-library android:name=\"libOpenCL-pixel.so\" android:required=\"false\"\/><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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\u90a3\u4e48,\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\/vendor\/etc\/public.libraries.txt\u4ee5\u53ca\/system\/etc\/public.libraries.txt\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5462\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u673a\u5236\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
libnativeloader\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728ART\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7dNative\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u4e00\u662fAPK\u6253\u5305\u65f6JNI\u63a5\u53e3\u5f15\u5165\u7684Native\u5e93\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u8eab\u5f00\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u7684Native\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728App\u4ee3\u7801\u5185\u901a\u8fc7System.loadLibrary(\u201clibrary-name\u201d)\u52a0\u8f7d\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff0c\u5f53\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0cART \u5c06\u8c03\u7528\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9 libnativeloader \u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u6307\u5411\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668(Class Loader)\u7684\u5f15\u7528,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5e93\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0clibnativeloader \u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u67e5\u627e\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5173\u8054\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u8be5\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u52a0\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e5f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e APK \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 APK \u662f\u5426\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u975e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u8005\u9884\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u5e02\u573a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5217\u5728 \/system\/etc\/public.libraries.txt \u6216\u8005\/vendor\/etc\/ public.libraries.txt\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u5171\u672c\u5730\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5e73\u53f0\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u8005\u9884\u88c5\u5e94\u7528 \uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5728 \/system\/lib64\uff0c\/vendor\/lib64\u4e0b\u7684\u5e93\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
libnativeloader\u9664\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u5728ART\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd8\u8d1f\u8d23\u62bd\u8c61\u4e24\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff1alibdl.so\u4ee5\u53calibnativebridge.so,\u524d\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u65e0\u9700\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982x86_64\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fd0\u884c\u5728x86_64\u7684PC\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7libdl.so\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u8f7d\u94fe\u63a5\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u5219\u8d1f\u8d23\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5,\u6bd4\u5982arm64\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fd0\u884c\u5728x86_64\u7684PC\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7libnativebridge.so\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u8f7d\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
libnativeloader\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542bnative_loader.cpp\u3001native_loader_namespace.cpp\u3001public_libraries.cpp\u3001library_namespaces.cpp\u56db\u4e2a\u6e90\u7801\u3002native_loader.cpp\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86libnativeloader\u7684\u516c\u5171\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5bf9library_namespaces.cpp\u548cnative_loader_namespace.cpp\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u3002library_namespcaes.cpp\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86LibraryNamespaces\u7684\u5355\u4f8b\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002native_loader_namespaces.cpp\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86NativeLoaderNameSpace\u7c7b\u3002\u800cpubloc_libraries.cpp\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bfb\u53d6\u5404\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u4e0b\u7684*.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u516c\u5171\u53ef\u89c1\u7684native\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8c03\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
art\/runtime\/runtime.cc->Runtime::Start()\nart\/runtime\/jni\/java_vm_ext.cc->JavaVMExt::LoadNativeLibrary\nart\/libnativeloader\/native_loader.cpp->OpenNativeLibrary\nart\/libnativeloader\/native_loader.cpp->CreateClassLoaderNamespaceLocked\nart\/libnativeloader\/library_namespaces.cpp->LibraryNamespaces::Create<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u770bLibraryNamespaces\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684Create\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Result<NativeLoaderNamespace*> LibraryNamespaces::Create(JNIEnv* env,\n                                                         uint32_t target_sdk_version,\n                                                         jobject class_loader,\n                                                         ApiDomain api_domain,\n                                                         bool is_shared,\n                                                         const std::string& dex_path,\n                                                         jstring library_path_j,\n                                                         jstring permitted_path_j,\n\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edfsystem\u5206\u533a\u4e0b\u516c\u5f00\u53ef\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e93\nstd::string system_exposed_libraries = default_public_libraries();\n.....\n\n\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edfvendor\u5206\u533a\u4e0b\u516c\u5f00\u53ef\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e93\n const std::string vendor_libs =\n      filter_public_libraries(target_sdk_version, uses_libraries, vendor_public_libraries());\n\n\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edfproduct\u5206\u533a1\u4e0b\u516c\u5f00\u53ef\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e93\n const std::string product_libs =\n      filter_public_libraries(target_sdk_version, uses_libraries, product_public_libraries());\n....\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8ddf\u968f\u7740\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eInit*PublicLibraries\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u5404\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u4e0b\u7684public_libraries.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5 \/system\/etc\/public.libraries.txt\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
static std::string InitDefaultPublicLibraries(bool for_preload) {\n  \/\/root_dir->\/system\n  std::string config_file = root_dir() + kDefaultPublicLibrariesFile;\n  Result<std::vector<std::string>> sonames =\n      ReadConfig(config_file, [&for_preload](const struct ConfigEntry& entry) -> Result<bool> {\n        if (for_preload) {\n          return !entry.nopreload;\n        } else {\n          return true;\n        }\n      });\n  if (!sonames.ok()) {\n    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL(\"%s\", sonames.error().message().c_str());\n    return \"\";\n  }\n\n  \/\/ If this is for preloading libs, don't remove the libs from APEXes.\n  if (!for_preload) {\n    \/\/ Remove the public libs provided by apexes because these libs are available\n    \/\/ from apex namespaces.\n    for (const auto& [_, library_list] : apex_public_libraries()) {\n      std::vector<std::string> public_libs = base::Split(library_list, \":\");\n      sonames->erase(std::remove_if(sonames->begin(),\n                                    sonames->end(),\n                                    [&public_libs](const std::string& v) {\n                                      return std::find(public_libs.begin(), public_libs.end(), v) !=\n                                             public_libs.end();\n                                    }),\n                     sonames->end());\n    }\n  }\n\n  std::string libs = android::base::Join(*sonames, ':');\n  ALOGD(\"InitDefaultPublicLibraries for_preload=%d: %s\", for_preload, libs.c_str());\n  return libs;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684root_dir()\u5f97\u5230\/system\uff0c\u800ckDefaultPublicLibrariesFile\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\/etc\/public.libraries.txt\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\/system\/etc\/public.libraries.txt\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\u540e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5e94\u7528\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n        
\n            
\n                \n                
\n                    \n                        \"Happy\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Happy                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    1<\/span>\n                        \n                                                100<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Sad\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Sad                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Excited\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Excited                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Sleepy\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Sleepy                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                        \n                                                0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Angry\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
Angry<\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                        \n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Surprise\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
Surprise<\/div>\n                    
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