{"id":5313,"date":"2025-01-10T10:42:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-10T02:42:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/?p=5313"},"modified":"2025-01-10T10:44:29","modified_gmt":"2025-01-10T02:44:29","slug":"su-command-cant-promote-to-root-user","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/en\/su-command-cant-promote-to-root-user.html","title":{"rendered":"\u8bb0\u4e00\u6b21su\u547d\u4ee4\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u6743\u4e3aroot\u7684\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>1 Minute, 10 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n

\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5b89\u5353\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u5382\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aroot\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ed9\u5230\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709su\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u6839\u636eAOSP\u7684\u6e90\u7801\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2asu\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53\u6211\u4eceroot\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u4e3ashell\u7528\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7su\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u6362\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u4eceshell\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u4e3aroot\u7528\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$su root\r\n$su: setgid failed: Operation not permitted\r<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e07\u80fd\u7684GPT\uff0c\u6211\u4e86\u89e3\u5230su\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38AOSP\u7f16\u8bd1\u6253\u5305\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\u7684su\u6743\u9650\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-rwsr-x--- 1 root shell 50K 2009-01-01 08:00 \/system\/xbin\/su<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684s\u6743\u9650\u8868\u660e\u5176\u5177\u6709SUID\u4f4d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8su\u63d0\u6743\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7chmod\u6765\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6eSUID\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chmod 6755 \/system\/bin\/su<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u603b\u7b97\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceshell\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u4e3aroot\u7528\u6237\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fSUID\u5462\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u63a5\u89e6Linux&Android\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528chmod\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u3002\u5e26\u7740\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u518d\u5bf9Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u63a2\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5177\u5907\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7chown\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7chgrp\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728DAC\u6743\u9650\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb(r)\u3001\u53ef\u5199(w)\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c(x)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u8bfb\u3001\u53ef\u5199\u4e0e\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\uff1aSUID\u3001GUID\u3001\u4e0eSTICKY\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SUID<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
SUID\u5176\u5b9e\u662fSet-User-ID\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5177\u5907SUID\u6743\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u6765\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ee5\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u4e3aUID\u6743\u9650\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0d\u591f\u5bfc\u81f4\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7SUID\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684passwd\u4e3a\u4f8b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ls -lah \/usr\/bin\/passwd\r\n-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 59K  2\u6708  6  2024 \/usr\/bin\/passwd\r<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528passwd\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53bb\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u80fd\u786e\u4fddpasswd\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u6ca1\u6709x\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86SUID\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e3aS;\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u6ca1\u6709x\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86SUID\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e3as\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u4f1a\u66ff\u4ee3\u539f\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6Owner\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684x\u6743\u9650\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
GUID<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
SGID\u5176\u5b9e\u662fSet-Group-ID\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u4e0eSUID\u6bd4\u8f83\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u5f53\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u5907SGID\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5Group\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u53bb\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.\u5f53\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u5907SGID\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4ee5\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684Owner\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684Group Owner<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0eSUID\u7c7b\u4f3c,\u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5177\u5907x\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5c0f\u5199s\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5177\u5907x\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5927\u5199S\u663e\u793a\u3002\u8be5\u7279\u4fd7\u6743\u9650\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684x\u6743\u9650\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-rwsrwsr-x  1 franzkafka franzkafka    0  1\u6708 10 10:04 test<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u901a\u8fc7chmod\u6765\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1aSymbolic Method\u4e0eNumeric Method\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Symbolic Method:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chmod whowhatwhich FILE<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5176\u4e2dwho\u8868\u660e\u6743\u9650\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7528\u6237,\u53ef\u9009\u503c\u5305\u62ecu(User,\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005)\uff0cg(Group,\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4),o(Others,\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237)\u4ee5\u53caa(All,\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237)\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
what\u8868\u660e\u5bf9\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c,\u5176\u4e2d-\u8868\u660e\u53bb\u9664\u6743\u9650,+\u8868\u660e\u589e\u52a0\u6743\u9650,=\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650\uff08\u540c\u65f6\u53bb\u9664\u5176\u4ed6\u6743\u9650\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
which\u8868\u660e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6743\u9650,\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528r\uff08\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff09\u3001w(\u5199\u6743\u9650)\u3001x(\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cas\uff08SUID\u6743\u9650\uff09\u3001g(GUID\u6743\u9650)\u548ct(STICKY\u6743\u9650)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6eSUID\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Symbolic Method\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chmod u+s \/usr\/bin\/passwd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Numeric Method:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Numeric Method\u4ee50~7\u7684\u6570\u503c\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e38\u89c4\u6743\u9650\u4e2dr\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c4\u8868\u793a\uff0cw\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c2\u8868\u793a\uff0cx\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c1\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u4e2dSUID\u6743\u9650\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c4\u8868\u793a,GUID\u6743\u9650\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c2\u8868\u793a\uff0cSTICKY\u6743\u9650\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c1\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6eSUID\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Numeric Method\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
chmod 4775 \/usr\/bin\/passwd  #4\u8868\u793aSUID\u6743\u9650\u4f4d<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6eSUID\u4e0eGUID\u540e,\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u901a\u8fc7getuid\u4e0egetgid\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u62ff\u5230\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u7684UID\u6216\u8005GID\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n        
\n            
\n                \n                
\n                    \n                        \"Happy\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Happy                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    1<\/span>\n                        \n                                                100<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Sad\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Sad                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Excited\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Excited                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Sleepy\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
\n                        Sleepy                    <\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                        \n                                                0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Angry\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
Angry<\/div>\n                    
\n                                                    0<\/span>\n                                                                        0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                        \n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                
\n                    \n                        \"Surprise\"\n                    <\/a>\n                    
Surprise<\/div>\n                    
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