{"id":3595,"date":"2021-10-10T22:28:19","date_gmt":"2021-10-10T14:28:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/?p=3595"},"modified":"2022-08-23T16:31:48","modified_gmt":"2022-08-23T08:31:48","slug":"linux-boot-progress-erplore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/en\/linux-boot-progress-erplore.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7b80\u5355\u89e3\u6790Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='booster-block booster-read-block'>\n                <div class=\"twp-read-time\">\n                \t<i class=\"booster-icon twp-clock\"><\/i> <span>Read Time:<\/span>1 Minute, 10 Second                <\/div>\n\n            <\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">\u6700\u8fd1\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6298\u817eLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u6211\u60f3\u5728\u6211\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u673a\/\u5173\u673a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u9001\u63d0\u9192\u5230\u6211\u7684\u7535\u62a5\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u800c\u884d\u751f\u5230\u6211\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u5173\u6ce8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u673a\u4e0e\u5173\u673a\u65f6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u4f55\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u8fd9\u7c7b\u63d0\u9192\u3002\u8d77\u521d\u6211Google\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ea\u53ef\u60dc\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u8fc7\u4e8e\u8001\u65e7\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u9002\u5408\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u81ea\u5df1\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u603b\u7ed3\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5230\u5927\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">\u4eca\u5929\u8981\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u7b80\u5355\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<strong>\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\u4e0e<strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>,\uff0c\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u5305\u62ec\u4e94\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4,\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"694\" height=\"484\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Linux-booting-process.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3596\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Linux-booting-process.png 694w, https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Linux-booting-process-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Linux-booting-process-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u5c06\u4f1a\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7b80\u5355\u505a\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5185\u6838\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u800c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u8ffd\u8e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5b58\u50a8\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f<\/li><li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u914d\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6<\/li><li>\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\uff1a\u4e3a\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u63d0\u4f9b\u901a\u9053<\/li><li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff1a\u4ece\u5404\u9879\u4e8b\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u5b8c\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u5904\u7406<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u662f<strong>\u52a0\u8f7dBIOS\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6MBR\u3001\u52a0\u8f7dBootloader\u3001\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u52a0\u8f7dBIOS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">BIOS\u662fBasic Input\/Output System\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u7535\u540eBIOS\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3aPower-on Self-test\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3aPOST\u3002\u5728\u52a0\u8f7dBIO\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>CPU\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u6821\u9a8c<\/li><li>BIOS\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u679cBIOS\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u906d\u53d7\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u542f\u52a8\u7684<\/li><li>\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3001DMA\u3001\u4e2d\u65ad\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\u7684\u68c0\u67e5<\/li><li>\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6821\u9a8c<\/li><li>\u5f15\u5bfc\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">BIOS\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728EEPROM(\u5e26\u7535\u53ef\u64e6\u9664\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u53ea\u8bfb\u5b58\u50a8\u5668)\u5185\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6389\u7535\u4e5f\u80fd\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bfb\u53d6MBR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">MBR\u662fMaster Boot Record\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u81ea\u68c0\u5b8c\u6210\u540e,BIOS\u4f1a\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u6392\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u524d512\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9512\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a55 AA\u5219\u8868\u660e\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd9512\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5c31\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bb0\u5f55\u201d\uff08Master boot record\uff09\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3aMBR\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bb0\u5f55\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\uff1a1-446\u5b57\u8282\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\uff1a447-510\u5b57\u8282\u662f\u5206\u533a\u8868\uff08partition table\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u786c\u76d8\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5206\u533a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09\uff1a511-512\u5b57\u8282\u662f\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u4e3a55 AA\u8868\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bootloader\u52a0\u8f7d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">\u5982\u679cMBR\u8bfb\u53d6\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c06\u4f1a\u5230\u52a0\u8f7dbootloader\u9636\u6bb5\uff0cbootloader\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u5185\u6838\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002Bootloader\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0cLinux\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5305\u62ecGRUB\u3001LILO\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528GRUB\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aGRUB\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86Linux Kernel\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">GRUB\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u6309\u7167grub.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\uff0cgrub.cfg\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e\/boot\/grub\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3agrub.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u622a\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"957\" height=\"732\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/grub.cfg_.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/grub.cfg_.png 957w, https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/grub.cfg_-300x229.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/grub.cfg_-768x587.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/grub.cfg_-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 957px) 100vw, 957px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\uff1a\u622a\u56fe\u6765\u81ea\u4e8eUbantu 20.0 LTS\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">\u5728GRUB\u5f15\u5bfc\u83dc\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5c06\u4f1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u81f3\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u76f8\u5e94\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884cmount\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u5c06\u542f\u52a8init\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u542f\u52a8Init\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">\u5f53\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u627e\u5230\u4f4d\u4e8e\/sbin\u76ee\u5f55\u7684init\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u6d41\u884c\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5f15\u5165\u4e86Systemd\uff0c\/sbin\/init\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u4e86\/lib\/systemd\/systemd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/init-link.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3601\" width=\"670\" height=\"66\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/init-link.png 945w, https:\/\/blog.coderfan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/init-link-300x30.png 300w, 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